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Business

Reading a Balance Sheet

Assets, liabilities, equity — at a glance.

A balance sheet is a snapshot at one moment: what the company owns (assets), what it owes (liabilities), and what's left for shareholders (equity).

The fundamental identity is Assets = Liabilities + Equity. It always balances by definition.

Quick checks: current ratio (current assets / current liabilities) above 1 means short-term bills are covered. Debt/equity under 1 means the company isn't drowning in loans.